Template:Infobox europium

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Europium, 63Eu
File:Europium.jpg
Europium
उच्चारण/jʊˈroʊpiəm/ ​(yuu-ROH-pee-əm)
दिखावटsilvery white, with a pale yellow tint;[1] but rarely seen without oxide discoloration
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Eu)
  • 151.964±0.001
  • 151.96±0.01 (abridged)[2]
Europium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
–
↑
Eu
↓
Am
samarium ← europium → gadolinium
Atomic number (Z)63
समूहgroup n/a
अवधिperiod 6
ब्लॉक  f-block
ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास[Xe] 4f7 6s2
प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2
भौतिक गुण
Phase at STPsolid
गलनांक1099 K ​(826 °C, ​1519 °F)
क्वथनांक1802 K ​(1529 °C, ​2784 °F)
Density (near r.t.)5.244 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)5.13 g/cm3
संलयन की गर्मी9.21 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization176 kJ/mol
दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमता27.66 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 863 957 1072 1234 1452 1796
परमाणु गुण
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य0,[3] +2, +3 (a mildly basic oxide)
इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटीPauling scale: 1.2
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 547.1 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1085 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2404 kJ/mol
परमाणु का आधा घेराempirical: 180 pm
सहसंयोजक त्रिज्या198±6 pm
File:Europium spectrum visible.png
Spectral lines of europium
अन्य गुण
प्राकृतिक घटनाprimordial
क्रिस्टल की संरचना ​body-centered cubic (bcc)
थर्मल विस्तारpoly: 35.0 µm/(m⋅K) (at r.t.)
ऊष्मीय चालकताest. 13.9 W/(m⋅K)
विद्युत प्रतिरोधकताpoly: 0.900 µΩ⋅m (at r.t.)
चुंबकीय आदेशparamagnetic[4]
दाढ़ चुंबकीय संवेदनशीलता+34000.0×10−6 cm3/mol[5]
यंग मापांक18.2 GPa
कतरनी मापांक7.9 GPa
थोक मापांक8.3 GPa
पॉइसन अनुपात0.152
विकर्स कठोरता165–200 MPa
CAS नंबर7440-53-1
History
नामीafter Europe
खोज और पहला अलगावEugène-Anatole Demarçay (1896, 1901)
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
Category Category: Europium
| references
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  2. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Europium". CIAAW. 1995.
  3. ↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
  4. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  5. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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