Template:Infobox gadolinium

Gadolinium, ₆₄Gd

File:Gadolinium-4.jpg
Gadolinium
उच्चारण	/ˌɡædəˈlɪniəm/ ​(GAD-ə-LIN-ee-əm)
दिखावट	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Gd)	157.25±0.03 157.25±0.03 (abridged)
Gadolinium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson – ↑ Gd ↓ Cm europium ← gadolinium → terbium
Atomic number (Z)	64
समूह	group n/a
अवधि	period 6
ब्लॉक	f-block
ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास	[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन	2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
भौतिक गुण
Phase at STP	solid
गलनांक	1585 K ​(1312 °C, ​2394 °F)
क्वथनांक	3273 K ​(3000 °C, ​5432 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	7.90 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	7.4 g/cm3
संलयन की गर्मी	10.05 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	301.3 kJ/mol
दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमता	37.03 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure (calculated) P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1836 2028 2267 2573 2976 3535
परमाणु गुण
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य	0, +1, +2, +3 (a mildly basic oxide)
इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटी	Pauling scale: 1.20
Ionization energies	1st: 593.4 kJ/mol 2nd: 1170 kJ/mol 3rd: 1990 kJ/mol
परमाणु का आधा घेरा	empirical: 180 pm
सहसंयोजक त्रिज्या	196±6 pm
File:Gadolinium spectrum visible.png Spectral lines of gadolinium
अन्य गुण
प्राकृतिक घटना	primordial
क्रिस्टल की संरचना	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp) File:Hexagonal close packed.svg
Speed of sound thin rod	2680 m/s (at 20 °C)
थर्मल विस्तार	α poly: 9.4 µm/(m⋅K) (at 100 °C)
ऊष्मीय चालकता	10.6 W/(m⋅K)
विद्युत प्रतिरोधकता	α, poly: 1.310 µΩ⋅m
चुंबकीय आदेश	ferromagnetic–paramagnetic transition at 293.4 K
दाढ़ चुंबकीय संवेदनशीलता	+755000.0×10−6 cm3/mol (300.6 K)
यंग मापांक	α form: 54.8 GPa
कतरनी मापांक	α form: 21.8 GPa
थोक मापांक	α form: 37.9 GPa
पॉइसन अनुपात	α form: 0.259
विकर्स कठोरता	510–950 MPa
CAS नंबर	7440-54-2
History
नामी	after the mineral Gadolinite (itself named after Johan Gadolin)
खोज]	Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880)
पहला अलगाव	Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886)
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct

Gd:   data m.p. cat ()
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	1312	—	—
K	1585	1585	0
F	2394	2394	0
max precision	0
WD
input	C: 1312, K: 1585, F: 2394
comment

Gd:   data b.p. cat ()
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	3000	—	—
K	3273	3270	3
F	5432	5430	2
max precision	0
WD
input	C: 3000, K: 3273, F: 5432
comment

PTGadolinium

Eu ← i'box Eu	iso 64Gd () infobox () isobox	→ Tb i'box Tb
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Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
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References

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