Tungsten, 74 File:Wolfram evaporated crystals and 1cm3 cube.jpg उच्चारण (TUNG -stən Alternative name wolfram, pronounced: (WUUL -frəm allotropes α-tungsten (common), β-tungsten दिखावट grayish white, lustrous Standard atomic weight A r °(W) ± 0.01± 0.01[1]
Atomic number (Z ) 74 समूह group 6 अवधि period 6 ब्लॉक d-block ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास [Xe ] 4f14 5d4 6s2 [2] प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 Phase at STP solid गलनांक 3695 K (3422 °C, 6192 °F) क्वथनांक 6203 K (5930 °C, 10706 °F) Density (near r.t. ) 19.25 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 17.6 g/cm3 संलयन की गर्मी 52.31 kJ/mol [3] [4] Heat of vaporization 774 kJ/mol दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमता 24.27 J/(mol·K) Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
3477
3773
4137
4579
5127
5823
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य −4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 +6 acidic oxide) इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटी Pauling scale: 2.36 Ionization energies 1st: 770 kJ/mol 2nd: 1700 kJ/mol परमाणु का आधा घेरा empirical: 139 pm सहसंयोजक त्रिज्या 162±7 pm Spectral lines of tungstenप्राकृतिक घटना primordial क्रिस्टल की संरचना body-centered cubic (bcc) Speed of sound thin rod 4620 m/s (at r.t. ) (annealed) थर्मल विस्तार 4.5 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) ऊष्मीय चालकता 173 W/(m⋅K) विद्युत प्रतिरोधकता 52.8 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C) चुंबकीय आदेश paramagnetic [5] दाढ़ चुंबकीय संवेदनशीलता × 10−6 3 /mol (298 K)[6] यंग मापांक 411 GPa कतरनी मापांक 161 GPa थोक मापांक 310 GPa पॉइसन अनुपात 0.28 मोहन कठोरता 7.5 विकर्स कठोरता 3430–4600 MPa ब्रिनेल हार्डनेस 2000–4000 MPa CAS नंबर 7440-33-7 खोज और पहला अलगावJuan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar [7] Named by Torbern Bergman (1781) चिन्ह, प्रतीक "W": from Wolfram , originally from Middle High German wolf-rahm 'wolf's foam' describing the mineral wolframite [8]
Category Category: Tungsten references
W: Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
in
calc from C
diff
report
ref
C
3422
—
—
K
3695
3695
0
F
6192
6192
0
max precision
0
WD
Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
input
C: 3422, K: 3695, F: 6192
comment
W: Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
in
calc from C
diff
report
ref
C
5930
—
—
K
6203
6200
3
delta
F
10706
10710
-4
delta
max precision
0
WD
Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
input
C: 5930, K: 6203, F: 10706
comment
References These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Tungsten" . CIAAW . 1991.↑ Berger, Dan. "Why does Tungsten not 'Kick' up an electron from the s sublevel ?" . Bluffton College, USA. ↑ Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press . p. 6-134. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0 ↑ Tolias P. (2017). "Analytical expressions for thermophysical properties of solid and liquid tungsten relevant for fusion applications". Nuclear Materials and Energy . 13 : 42–57. arXiv :1703.06302 Bibcode :2017arXiv170306302T . doi :10.1016/j.nme.2017.08.002 . S2CID 99610871 . ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF) . CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6 the original (PDF) on 2011-03-03. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. p. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4 ↑ "Tungsten" . Royal Society of Chemistry . Royal Society of Chemistry . Retrieved May 2, 2020 .↑ van der Krogt, Peter. "Wolframium Wolfram Tungsten" . Elementymology& Elements Multidict. Archived from the original on 2010-01-23. Retrieved 2010-03-11 . Lua error in Module:TNT at line 182: Missing Commons dataset I18n/Module:TNT.tab.
