Template:Infobox lithium

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Lithium, 3Li
File:Lithium paraffin.jpg
Lithium floating in oil
Lithium
उच्चारण/ˈlɪθiəm/ (LITH-ee-əm)
दिखावटsilvery-white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Li)
  • [6.9386.997]
  • 6.94±0.06 (abridged)[1]
Lithium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
H

Li

Na
heliumlithiumberyllium
Atomic number (Z)3
समूहgroup 1: hydrogen and alkali metals
अवधिperiod 2
ब्लॉक  s-block
ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास[He] 2s1
प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन2, 1
भौतिक गुण
Phase at STPsolid
गलनांक453.65 K ​(180.50 °C, ​356.90 °F)
क्वथनांक1603 K ​(1330 °C, ​2426 °F)
Density (near r.t.)0.534 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)0.512 g/cm3
क्रिटिकल पॉइंट3220 K, 67 MPa (extrapolated)
संलयन की गर्मी3.00 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization136 kJ/mol
दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमता24.860 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 797 885 995 1144 1337 1610
परमाणु गुण
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य0[2], +1 (a strongly basic oxide)
इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटीPauling scale: 0.98
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 520.2 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 7298.1 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 11815.0 kJ/mol
परमाणु का आधा घेराempirical: 152 pm
सहसंयोजक त्रिज्या128±7 pm
[वैन डेर वाल्स रेडियस]]182 pm
Spectral lines of lithium
अन्य गुण
प्राकृतिक घटनाprimordial
क्रिस्टल की संरचनाbody-centered cubic (bcc)
Speed of sound thin rod6000 m/s (at 20 °C)
थर्मल विस्तार46 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
ऊष्मीय चालकता84.8 W/(m⋅K)
विद्युत प्रतिरोधकता92.8 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
चुंबकीय आदेशparamagnetic
दाढ़ चुंबकीय संवेदनशीलता+14.2×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[3]
यंग मापांक4.9 GPa
कतरनी मापांक4.2 GPa
थोक मापांक11 GPa
मोहन कठोरता0.6
ब्रिनेल हार्डनेस5 MPa
CAS नंबर7439-93-2
History
खोज]Johan August Arfwedson (1817)
पहला अलगावWilliam Thomas Brande (1821)
Main isotopes of lithium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
6Li 7.59% stable
7Li 92.41% stable
Category Category: Lithium
| references
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

References

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Lithium". CIAAW. 2009.
  2. Li(0) atoms have been observed in various small lithium-chloride clusters; see Milovanović, Milan; Veličković, Suzana; Veljkovićb, Filip; Jerosimić, Stanka (October 30, 2017). "Structure and stability of small lithium-chloride LinClm(0,1+) (n ≥ m, n = 1–6, m = 1–3) clusters". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (45). doi:10.1039/C7CP04181K.
  3. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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