Template:Infobox lawrencium
From Vigyanwiki
| Lawrencium | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| उच्चारण | /lɒˈrɛnsiəm/ ({{error-small|Audio file "Lawrencium.ogg" not found}}) | |||||
| दिखावट | silvery (predicted)[1] | |||||
| जन अंक | [266] | |||||
| Lawrencium in the periodic table | ||||||
| ||||||
| Atomic number (Z) | 103 | |||||
| समूह | group 3 | |||||
| अवधि | period 7 | |||||
| ब्लॉक | d-block | |||||
| ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास | [Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1 | |||||
| प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 3 | |||||
| भौतिक गुण | ||||||
| Phase at STP | solid (predicted) | |||||
| गलनांक | 1900 K (1627 °C, 2961 °F) (predicted) | |||||
| Density (near r.t.) | 14.4 g/cm3 (predicted)[2] | |||||
| परमाणु गुण | ||||||
| ऑक्सीकरण राज्य | +3 | |||||
| इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटी | Pauling scale: 1.3 (predicted)[3] | |||||
| Ionization energies |
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| अन्य गुण | ||||||
| प्राकृतिक घटना | synthetic | |||||
| क्रिस्टल की संरचना | hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (predicted)[5] | |||||
| CAS नंबर | 22537-19-5 | |||||
| History | ||||||
| नामी | after Ernest Lawrence | |||||
| खोज] | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (1961–1971) | |||||
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Lr: Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | 1627 | — | — | ||
| K | 1900 | 1900 | 0 | ||
| F | 2961 | 2961 | 0 | ||
| max precision | 0 | ||||
| WD | Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table. | Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table. | |||
| input | C: 1627, K: 1900, F: 2961 | ||||
| comment | (predicted) | ||||
Check temperatures Lr: no input for C, K, F.
| No ← |
→ Rf | |
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| Data sets read by {{Infobox element}} | |
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| Name and identifiers | |
| Top image (caption, alt) | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Allotropes (demo) | |
| Group (demo) | |
| Period (demo) | |
| Block (demo) | |
| Standard atomic weight | |
| most stable isotope | |
| Natural occurrence | |
| Phase at STP | |
| Oxidation states | |
| Spectral lines image | |
| Electron configuration (cmt, ref) | |
| Wikidata * | |
| Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial) | |
| * Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24) See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0) | |
References
- ↑ Emsley, John (2011). Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements (New ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. p. 278–279. ISBN 978-0-19-960563-7.
- ↑ Gyanchandani, Jyoti; Sikka, S. K. (10 May 2011). "Physical properties of the 6 d -series elements from density functional theory: Close similarity to lighter transition metals". Physical Review B. 83 (17): 172101. Bibcode:2011PhRvB..83q2101G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.83.172101.
- ↑ Brown, Geoffrey (2012). The Inaccessible Earth: An integrated view to its structure and composition. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 88. ISBN 9789401115162.
- ↑ Sato, T. K.; Asai, M.; Borschevsky, A.; Stora, T.; Sato, N.; Kaneya, Y.; Tsukada, K.; Düllman, Ch. E.; Eberhardt, K.; Eliav, E.; Ichikawa, S.; Kaldor, U.; Kratz, J. V.; Miyashita, S.; Nagame, Y.; Ooe, K.; Osa, A.; Renisch, D.; Runke, J.; Schädel, M.; Thörle-Pospiech, P.; Toyoshima, A.; Trautmann, N. (9 April 2015). "Measurement of the first ionization potential of lawrencium, element 103" (PDF). Nature. 520 (7546): 209–11. Bibcode:2015Natur.520..209S. doi:10.1038/nature14342. PMID 25855457. S2CID 4384213.
- ↑ Östlin, A.; Vitos, L. (2011). "First-principles calculation of the structural stability of 6d transition metals". Physical Review B. 84 (11): 113104. Bibcode:2011PhRvB..84k3104O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113104.
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