Template:Infobox rubidium

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Rubidium, 37Rb
File:Rb5.JPG
Rubidium
उच्चारण/ruːˈbɪdiəm/ ​(roo-BID-ee-əm)
दिखावटgrey white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Rb)
  • 85.4678±0.0003
  • 85.468±0.001 (abridged)[1]
Rubidium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
K
↑
Rb
↓
Cs
krypton ← rubidium → strontium
Atomic number (Z)37
समूहgroup 1: hydrogen and alkali metals
अवधिperiod 5
ब्लॉक  s-block
ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास[Kr] 5s1
प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन2, 8, 18, 8, 1
भौतिक गुण
Phase at STPsolid
गलनांक312.45 K ​(39.30 °C, ​102.74 °F)
क्वथनांक961 K ​(688 °C, ​1270 °F)
Density (near r.t.)1.532 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)1.46 g/cm3
तीन बिंदु312.41 K, ​? kPa[2]
क्रिटिकल पॉइंट2093 K, 16 MPa (extrapolated)[2]
संलयन की गर्मी2.19 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization69 kJ/mol
दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमता31.060 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 434 486 552 641 769 958
परमाणु गुण
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य−1, +1 (a strongly basic oxide)
इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटीPauling scale: 0.82
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 403 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2632.1 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3859.4 kJ/mol
परमाणु का आधा घेराempirical: 248 pm
सहसंयोजक त्रिज्या220±9 pm
[वैन डेर वाल्स रेडियस]]303 pm
File:Rubidium spectrum visible.png
Spectral lines of rubidium
अन्य गुण
प्राकृतिक घटनाprimordial
क्रिस्टल की संरचना ​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Speed of sound thin rod1300 m/s (at 20 °C)
थर्मल विस्तार90 µm/(m⋅K)[3] (at r.t.)
ऊष्मीय चालकता58.2 W/(m⋅K)
विद्युत प्रतिरोधकता128 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
चुंबकीय आदेशparamagnetic[4]
दाढ़ चुंबकीय संवेदनशीलता+17.0×10−6 cm3/mol (303 K)[5]
यंग मापांक2.4 GPa
थोक मापांक2.5 GPa
मोहन कठोरता0.3
ब्रिनेल हार्डनेस0.216 MPa
CAS नंबर7440-17-7
History
खोज]Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (1861)
पहला अलगावGeorge de Hevesy
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
Category Category: Rubidium
| references
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Rubidium". CIAAW. 1969.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.122. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
  3. ↑ Cverna, Fran (2002). "Ch. 2 Thermal Expansion". ASM Ready Reference: Thermal properties of metals (PDF). ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-768-0.
  4. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  5. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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