Template:Infobox cobalt: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 16:02, 5 December 2022

Cobalt, 27Co
File:Kobalt electrolytic and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Cobalt
उच्चारण/ˈkbɒlt/ ({{error-small|Audio file "En-us-cobalt.ogg" not found}})[1]
दिखावटhard lustrous bluish gray metal
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Co)
  • 58.933194±0.000003
  • 58.933±0.001 (abridged)[2]
Cobalt in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson


Co

Rh
ironcobaltnickel
Atomic number (Z)27
समूहgroup 9
अवधिperiod 4
ब्लॉक  d-block
ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास[Ar] 3d7 4s2
प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन2, 8, 15, 2
भौतिक गुण
Phase at STPsolid
गलनांक1768 K ​(1495 °C, ​2723 °F)
क्वथनांक3200 K ​(2927 °C, ​5301 °F)
Density (near r.t.)8.90 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)8.86 g/cm3
संलयन की गर्मी16.06 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization377 kJ/mol
दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमता24.81 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1790 1960 2165 2423 2755 3198
परमाणु गुण
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5[3] (an amphoteric oxide)
इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटीPauling scale: 1.88
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 760.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1648 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3232 kJ/mol
  • (more)
परमाणु का आधा घेराempirical: 125 pm
सहसंयोजक त्रिज्याLow spin: 126±3 pm
High spin: 150±7 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of cobalt
अन्य गुण
प्राकृतिक घटनाprimordial
क्रिस्टल की संरचनाhexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed of sound thin rod4720 m/s (at 20 °C)
थर्मल विस्तार13.0 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
ऊष्मीय चालकता100 W/(m⋅K)
विद्युत प्रतिरोधकता62.4 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
चुंबकीय आदेशferromagnetic
यंग मापांक209 GPa
कतरनी मापांक75 GPa
थोक मापांक180 GPa
पॉइसन अनुपात0.31
मोहन कठोरता5.0
विकर्स कठोरता1043 MPa
ब्रिनेल हार्डनेस470–3000 MPa
CAS नंबर7440-48-4
History
खोज और पहला अलगावGeorg Brandt (1735)
Main isotopes of cobalt
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
56Co syn 77.27 d ε 56Fe
57Co syn 271.74 d ε 57Fe
58Co syn 70.86 d ε 58Fe
59Co 100% stable
60Co syn 5.2714 y β, γ 60Ni
Category Category: Cobalt
| references
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

References

  1. "cobalt". Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. 1989.
  2. "Standard Atomic Weights: Cobalt". CIAAW. 2017.
  3. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1117–1119. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

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