Template:Infobox copper: Difference between revisions

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Copper, 29Cu
Native copper (~4 cm in size)
Copper
दिखावटRed-orange metallic luster
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Cu)
  • 63.546±0.003
  • 63.546±0.003 (abridged)[1]
Copper in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
–
↑
Cu
↓
Ag
nickel ← copper → zinc
Atomic number (Z)29
समूहgroup 11
अवधिperiod 4
ब्लॉक  d-block
ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास[Ar] 3d10 4s1
प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन2, 8, 18, 1
भौतिक गुण
Phase at STPsolid
गलनांक1357.77 K ​(1084.62 °C, ​1984.32 °F)
क्वथनांक2835 K ​(2562 °C, ​4643 °F)
Density (near r.t.)8.96 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)8.02 g/cm3
संलयन की गर्मी13.26 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization300.4 kJ/mol
दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमता24.440 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1509 1661 1850 2089 2404 2834
परमाणु गुण
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य−2, 0,[2] +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटीPauling scale: 1.90
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 745.5 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1957.9 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3555 kJ/mol
  • (more)
परमाणु का आधा घेराempirical: 128 pm
सहसंयोजक त्रिज्या132±4 pm
[वैन डेर वाल्स रेडियस]]140 pm
File:Copper spectrum visible.png
Spectral lines of copper
अन्य गुण
प्राकृतिक घटनाprimordial
क्रिस्टल की संरचना ​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod(annealed)
3810 m/s (at r.t.)
थर्मल विस्तार16.5 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
ऊष्मीय चालकता401 W/(m⋅K)
विद्युत प्रतिरोधकता16.78 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
चुंबकीय आदेशdiamagnetic[3]
दाढ़ चुंबकीय संवेदनशीलता−5.46×10−6 cm3/mol[4]
यंग मापांक110–128 GPa
कतरनी मापांक48 GPa
थोक मापांक140 GPa
पॉइसन अनुपात0.34
मोहन कठोरता3.0
विकर्स कठोरता343–369 MPa
ब्रिनेल हार्डनेस235–878 MPa
CAS नंबर7440-50-8
History
नामीafter Cyprus, principal mining place in Roman era (Cyprium)
खोज]Middle East (9000 BC)
चिन्ह, प्रतीक"Cu": from Latin cuprum
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
Category Category: Copper
| references
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Copper". CIAAW. 1969.
  2. ↑ Moret, Marc-Etienne; Zhang, Limei; Peters, Jonas C. (2013). "A Polar Copper–Boron One-Electron σ-Bond". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 (10): 3792–3795. doi:10.1021/ja4006578. PMID 23418750.
  3. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-03-03.
  4. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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