Template:Infobox phosphorus: Difference between revisions

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Phosphorus, 15P
Forms of phosphorus
File:Weißer Phosphor.JPG
Waxy white
File:Phosphor rot.jpg
Light red
File:Phosphor-rot-violett.jpg
Dark red and violet
File:Black Phosphorus Ampoule.jpg
Black
Phosphorus
उच्चारण/ˈfɒsfərəs/ ​(FOS-fər-əs)
allotropeswhite, red, violet, black and others (see Allotropes of phosphorus)
दिखावटwhite, red and violet are waxy, black is metallic-looking
Standard atomic weight Ar°(P)
  • 30.973761998±0.000000005
  • 30.974±0.001 (abridged)[1]
Abundance
में & nbsp; & nbsp; पृथ्वी की पपड़ी5.2 (silicon = 100)
Phosphorus in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
N
↑
P
↓
As
silicon ← phosphorus → sulfur
Atomic number (Z)15
समूहgroup 15 (pnictogens)
अवधिperiod 3
ब्लॉक  p-block
ऋणावेशित सूक्ष्म अणु का विन्यास[Ne] 3s2 3p3
प्रति शेल इलेक्ट्रॉन2, 8, 5
भौतिक गुण
Phase at STPsolid
गलनांकwhite: 317.3 K ​(44.15 °C, ​111.5 °F)
red: ∼860 K (∼590 °C, ∼1090 °F)[2]
क्वथनांकwhite: 553.7 K ​(280.5 °C, ​536.9 °F)
उच्चता बिंदुred: ≈689.2–863 K ​(≈416–590 °C, ​≈780.8–1094 °F)
violet: 893 K (620 °C, 1148 °F)
Density (near r.t.)white: 1.823 g/cm3
red: ≈2.2–2.34 g/cm3
violet: 2.36 g/cm3
black: 2.69 g/cm3
संलयन की गर्मीwhite: 0.66 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporizationwhite: 51.9 kJ/mol
दाढ़ गर्मी क्षमताwhite: 23.824 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure (white)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 279 307 342 388 453 549
vapor pressure (red, b.p. 431 °C)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 455 489 529 576 635 704
परमाणु गुण
ऑक्सीकरण राज्य−3, −2, −1, 0,[3] +1,[4] +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
इलेक्ट्रोनगेटिविटीPauling scale: 2.19
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1011.8 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1907 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2914.1 kJ/mol
  • (more)
सहसंयोजक त्रिज्या107±3 pm
[वैन डेर वाल्स रेडियस]]180 pm
File:Phosphorus spectrum visible.png
Spectral lines of phosphorus
अन्य गुण
प्राकृतिक घटनाprimordial
क्रिस्टल की संरचना ​body-centered cubic (bcc)
ऊष्मीय चालकताwhite: 0.236 W/(m⋅K)
black: 12.1 W/(m⋅K)
चुंबकीय आदेशwhite, red, violet, black: diamagnetic[5]
दाढ़ चुंबकीय संवेदनशीलता−20.8×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[6]
थोक मापांकwhite: 5 GPa
red: 11 GPa
CAS नंबर7723-14-0 (red)
12185-10-3 (white)
History
खोज]Hennig Brand (1669)
Recognised as an element byAntoine Lavoisier[7] (1777)
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
Category Category: Phosphorus
| references
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Phosphorus". CIAAW. 2013.
  2. ↑ "Phosphorus: Chemical Element". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  3. ↑ Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). "Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130 (45): 14970–1. doi:10.1021/ja807828t. PMID 18937460.
  4. ↑ Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.
  5. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  6. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  7. ↑ cf. "Memoir on Combustion in General" Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900 (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)

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